Resistance Across Borders: Belarusian Civic Activism in Exile under (Trans-)National Repression

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Vasil Navumau
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0087-5248
Olga Matveieva
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3344-1497
Tetiana Gorokhova
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0435-5047

Abstract

The mass protests following the rigged 2020 presidential elections in Belarus led to unprecedented repression, resulting in the liquidation of over 1,600 NGOs, the imprisonment of hundreds of activists, and the displacement of thousands. After relocating, these activists continued to mobilize resources and use digital platforms to sustain and expand their support networks across borders. Urban activists played a pivotal role in this transformation, though they acutely felt the challenges of relocation due to their dependence on physical urban spaces and their ties to support networks and governmental bodies. This paper investigates the challenges faced by urban activists, post-relocation, as well as their resource mobilization strategies, utilizing surveys of 47 Belarusian NGOs and conducting 20 in-depth semi-structured interviews with urban development experts. It contributes to the understanding of civic activism in exile, emphasizing the strategic use of resources to reorganize activity and resist transnational repression of authoritarian regimes.

Article Details

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Articles (refereed)
Author Biographies

Vasil Navumau, Institute of Social Movements at Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany

Dr. Vasil Navumau holds PhD in Sociology and is a researcher in the Department of Social Sciences at the Institute of Social Movements, Ruhr-University Bochum. His research focuses on the use of digital technologies by social movements and diasporic communities for empowerment.

Olga Matveieva, Dnipro University of Technology, Ukraine; Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany

Olga Matveieva, PhD (Public Administration), Associate Professor at the Institute of Public Administration, Dnipro University of Technology; PSI research fellow at Marie Jahoda Center for International Gender Studies, Ruhr-University Bochum. Her research interests intersect digital services provision, civic engagement, and democratic transformations. 

Tetiana Gorokhova, Pryazovskyi State Technical University, Dnipro, Ukraine; Centre for Advanced Internet Studies Bochum, Germany

Dr. Tetiana Gorokhova holds PhD in Economics and is an Associate Professor at the Pryazovskyi State Technical University (Dnipro, Ukraine), a Guest Research at Centre for Advanced Internet Studies (Bochum, Germany), and a Visiting Fellow at University of Technology Sydney (project: “Young Ukrainian refugees’ integration: the challenges of the education system of host countries – Australia and Germany’s experience.”). Dr. Tetiana Gorokhova is a national expert of Council of Europe in the project «Youth for the democracy in Ukraine». Her research focuses on social responsibility, digital economy, youth policy and education.