The centroidal axis of a member that is curved in space is generally a space curve. The curvature of the space curve is not necessarily in the direction of either of the principal axes of the cross-section, but can be ...

In the companion paper, a total Lagrangian finite element (FE) model was formulated for the second order nonlinear inelastic analysis of steel-concrete composite members. This paper describes the implementation of the ...

This paper presents a new spatially curved-beam element with warping and Wagner effects that can be used for the non-linear large displacement analysis of members that are curved in space. The non-linear behaviour of members ...