Unambiguous discrimination is a strategy to the discrimination problem that identifies the state with certainty, leaving a possibility of undecidability. This paper points out that the optimal success probability of ...

We show that an arbitrary quantum state cannot be universally 1 --> 2 copied keeping the original copy unchanged. Indeed, the density operator of the additional copy after the copying transformation is nothing but the scale ...

Abstract: Net radiation (Rn), water vapor flux (LE), sensible heat flux (Hs) and soil heat flux (G) were measured above a summer maize field with the eddy-covariance technique, simulation and analysis of water, heat fluxes ...