Rethinking the contractual context for Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the Australian built environment industry
Article Sidebar
Published:
Dec 9, 2013
Keywords:
BIM, contract delivery methodology, procurement
Main Article Content
Abstract
Building Information Modelling (BIM) can be defined as a process of generating and managing information of a building or infrastructure during its life cycle. Whilst the 3D visualisation or dimensional functions of BIM are not necessarily new, it is the usage and integration of this information related to project delivery, management and performance analysis that are challenging current construction industry practices. Industry has called for the development of more collaborative and integrated contractual arrangements to facilitate the use of BIM. Such recommendations appeal to the ideal use of BIM, but also provide a potential opportunity to seek improvement within the construction industry. This paper proposes a procurement approach to BIM to establish the applicable contractual context to address the potential legal risks and commercial considerations, relative to current practices in Australia. It als ooutlines why BIM, with other enabling technologies, will drive the evolution of contract delivery methodologies.
Article Details
How to Cite
Kuiper, I., & Holzer, D. (2013). Rethinking the contractual context for Building Information Modelling (BIM) in the Australian built environment industry. Construction Economics and Building, 13(4), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.5130/AJCEB.v13i4.3630
Section
Articles (Peer reviewed)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
a) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share and adapt the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
b) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
c) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Open Access Citation Advantage Service). Where authors include such a work in an institutional repository or on their website (ie. a copy of a work which has been published in a UTS ePRESS journal, or a pre-print or post-print version of that work), we request that they include a statement that acknowledges the UTS ePRESS publication including the name of the journal, the volume number and a web-link to the journal item.
d) Authors should be aware that the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License permits readers to share (copy and redistribute the work in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the work) for any purpose, even commercially, provided they also give appropriate credit to the work, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. They may do these things in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests you or your publisher endorses their use.
References
Works Cited
ACA. (1999). Relationship Contracting Optimising Project Outcomes. Australian Contractors Association. Retrieved 2012, from http://www.constructors.com.au/publications/rc_general/Relationship%20Contracting%20Optimising%20Project%20Outcomes.pdf
AIA/CA BIM/IPD Working Group. (2012). BIM, Legal and Procurement. Australian Institute of Architects; Consult Australia. Retrieved 2012, from http://www.bim.architecture.com.au/groups/ (for download access)
Allen Consulting Group. (2010). Productivity in the buildings network: assessing the impacts of Building Information Models. Built Environment Innovation and Industry Council, Sydney. Retrieved September 2013, from http://www.innovation.gov.au/industry/buildingandconstruction/BEIIC/Documents/BIMProductivity_FinalReport.pdf
Attorney-General's Department. (2012). Improving Australia's law and justice framework: Discussion paper exploring the scope for reforming Australian contract law. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved October 2013, from http://www.ag.gov.au/consultations/pages/ReviewofAustraliancontractlaw.aspx
Azhar, S., Khalfan, M., & Maqsood, T. (2012). Building Information Modeling (BIM): Now and Beyond. Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building, 12(4), 15.
Bailey, I., & Bell, M. (2011). Construction Law in Australia (3rd ed.). Thomson Reuters.
BIM Industry Working Group. (2011). A Report for the Government Construction Client Group Building Information Modelling (BIM) Working Party Strategy Paper. Cabinet Office. Retrieved from http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BIS-BIM-strategy-Report.pdf
British Standards Institution. (2013). Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling. PAS 1192-2:2013. BSI Standards Limited.
buildingSMART Australasia. (2012). National Building Information Modelling Initiative. Strategy: A strategy for the focussed adoption of building information modelling and related digital technologies and processes for the Australian built environment sector, Department of Industry, Innovation, Science, Research and Tertiary Education, Sydney. Retrieved August 2012, from http://buildingsmart.org.au/nbi-folder/NationalBIMIniativeReport_6June2012.pdf
Cabinet Office. (2011). Government Construction Strategy. Retrieved from http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Government-Construction-Strategy.pdf
Chartered Institute of Building. (2013). CIOB Contract for use with complex projects. Berkshire, England: The Chartered Institute of Building.
Cleves, J. A., & DalGallo, L. (2012, April 26-28). Integrated Project Delivery: The Game Changer. Presented at the 2012 Annual Meeting, American Bar Association Forum on the Construction Industry. Las Vegas.
COBIM. (2012, March 27). Common BIM Requirements 2012 Series 1 General part (Version 1). Parties to the COBIM project. Retrieved from http://www.en.buildingsmart.kotisivukone.com/files/en.buildingsmart.kotisivukone.com/COBIM2012/cobim_1_general_requirements_v1.pdf
Computer Integrated Construction Research Program. (2011). BIM Project Execution Planning Guide - Version 2.1. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University.
ConsensusDOCS. (2008a). ConsensusDOCS 300: Tri-Party Agreement for Integrated Project Delivery.
ConsensusDOCS. (2008b). ConsensusDOCS 301: Building Information Modeling (BIM) Addendum.
Construction Industry Council/BIM Pro. (2013, February). Building Information Modelling (BIM) Protocol. London: Construction Industry Council. Retrieved October 2013, from http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/The-BIM-Protocol.pdf
CRC for Construction Innovation. (2007). Business Drivers for BIM. Brisbane: CRC for Construction Innovation. Retrieved September 2013, from eprints.qut.edu.au/26834/1/2634.pdf
Dave, B., Koskela, L., Kiviniemi, A., Tzortzopoulos, P., & Owen, R. (2013). Implementing lean in construction: lean construction and BIM. London: CIRIA.
Davis Langdon; AECOM. (2009). The Blue Book. Davis Langdon Australia Pty Ltd.
Defence Support and Reform Group. (2011, May). Volume 1: Introduction to MCC-1 2003. Managing Contractor Contract (MCC-1 2003) Manual. Australian Department of Defence. Retrieved October 2013, from http://www.defence.gov.au/im/support/suite_contracts/mcc/manual/mcc_manual_volume1_may11.doc
Department of Infrastructure and Transport. (2012). Traditional Contracting Reform Developing a National Approach: Traditional contracting of infrastructure projects. Canberra: Australian Government. Retrieved 2012, from http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/infrastructure/public_consultations/files/objective.pdf
Engineers Australia (WA Division). (2012). Recommended Practices for the Application of LEAN Construction Methods to Building New Australian LNG Capacity. Engineers Australia. Retrieved September 2013, from http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/sites/default/files/shado/Divisions/Western%20Australia%20Division/Technical%20Presentations/lean_construction_august_2012.pdf
Engineers Australia. (2005). Getting it Right the First Time: A Plan to Reverse Declining Standards in Project Design Documentation within the Building and Construction Industry.
European Parliament. (2013). Draft European Parliament Legislative Resolution Report on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on public procurement. Den Hague: European Parliament.
Evans & Peck; Melbourne University. (2009). The Pursuit of Additional Value: A Benchmarking Study into Alliancing in the Australian Public Sector. Melbourne: Department of Treasury and Finance, Victoria. Retrieved from http://www.dtf.vic.gov.au/files/edbf69e2-75fa-4281-b724-a1cf00dd793d/In-Pursuit-Additional-Value.pdf
Gallaher, M. P., O'Connor, A. C., Dettbarn, J. L., & Gilday, L. T. (2004). Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in the US Capital Facilities Industry. Gaithersburg: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved July 2013, from http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build04/art022.html
GBCA. (2012). Building Information Modelling (BIM) Industry Research. Green Building Council of Australia.
Hinchey, J. W. (1999). Visions for the Next Millennium. In R. F. Cushman, & J. J. Myers (Eds.), Construction Law Handbook (Vol. 1). Aspen Law & Business.
Hinchey, J. W. (2012). Rethinking Conflict in construction Project Delivery and Dispute Resolution. The International Construction Law Review, 29-50.
Holzer, D. (2011). BIM's Seven Deadly Sins. International Journal of Architectural Computing, 9(4), 463.
Holzer, D. (2013, February). Impact of BIM on the Effort Level in Architecture and Engineering Practice. Retrieved from AEC Connect : https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B8iT3_UsbrTFVWZJUzNvWFM3QjQ/edit?usp=sharing
Hurtado, K. A., & O'Connor, P. J. (2008). Contract Issues in the Use of Construction Building Information Modelling. The International Construction Law Review, 28(5), 262-272.
IFMA; IFMA Foundation. (2013). BIM for Facility Managers. (P. Teicholz, Ed.) Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Infrastructure Australia. (2012). Efficiencies in Major Project Procurement Volume 1. Canberra: Infrastructure Australia. Retrieved from http://www.infrastructureaustralia.gov.au/publications/files/Procurement_Benchmarking_Volume_1_final.pdf
International Organization for Standardization. (2013). Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) for data sharing in the construction and facility management industries. ISO 16739:2013. International Organization for Standardization.
Joint Contracts Tribunal. (2011). Public Sector Supplement: Fair Payment, Transparency and Building Information Modelling. London: Sweet & Maxwell.
Jordani, D. A. (2010). BIM and FM: The Portal to Lifecycle Facility Management. Journal of Building Information Modeling, 13-16.
Larson, D. A., & Golden, K. A. (2008). Entering the Brave New World: An Introduction to Contracting for BIM. William Mitchell Law Review, 34.
MacDonald, C., Walker, D., & Moussa, N. (2013). Towards a project alliance value for money framework. Facilities, 31(5/6), 279-309.
Manyika, J., Chui, M., Bughin, J., Dobbs, R., Bisson, P., & Marrs, A. (2013). Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy.
McKinsey Global Institute. Retrieved 2013, from http://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/dotcom/Insights%20and%20pubs/MGI/Research/Technology%20and%20Innovation/Disruptive%20technologies/MGI_Disruptive_technologies_Full_report_May2013.ashx
McBrodie, A. (2010). Building information modelling: the UK legal context. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 2(3), 246-259.
McGraw Hill Construction. (2012). Smart Market Report The Business Value of BIM for Infrastructure.
NATSPEC. (2011). NATSPEC National BIM Guide. Construction Information Systems Limited. Retrieved September 2013, from http://bim.natspec.org/index.php/natspec-bim-documents/national-bim-guide
NIBS buildingSMART alliance. (2012). National BIM Standard-US V2.
O’Connor, P. J., & Bomba, M. B. (2009). Integrated Project Delivery Part I: Collaboration Through New Contract Forms. The American College of Construction Lawyers Journal, 3(2), 69-128.
Ploennigs, J., Dibowski, H., Röder, A., Kabitzsch, K., & Hensel, B. (2011). Ontology specification for model-based ICT system integration. Brussels: ICT Platform for Holistic Energy Simulation and Lifecycle Management of Public Use Facilities (HESMOS): Deliverable D4.1. Retrieved June 2013, from http://hesmos.eu/downloads/20111202-hesmos_wp04_deliverable_41_final.pdf
Rahman, M., & Kumaraswamy, M. (2004). Contracting Relationship Trends and Transitions. Journal of Management in Engineering, 20(4), 147-161.
Raisbeck, P., Millie, R., & Maher, A. (2010). Assessing integrated project delivery: a comparative analysis of IPD with alliancing. Proceedings 26th Annual ARCOM Conference (pp. 1019-1028). Leeds: Association of Researchers in Construction Management.
Regner, J. A. (2008). Constructing in the fifth dimension. Construction Law International, 3(4), 5-6.
RIBA. (2012). BIM Overlay to the RIBA Outline Plan of Work. London: RIBA Publishing. Retrieved September 2012
RIBA. (2013). RIBA Plan of Work Overview. London. Retrieved August 2013, from http://www.ribaplanofwork.com/Download.aspx
Rich, S., & Davis, K. H. (2010). Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for Facility Management. Houston: IFMA Foundation.
Saxon, R. G. (2013). Growth Through BIM. London: Construction Industry Council. Retrieved June 2013, from http://www.cic.org.uk/publications/
Sebastian, R. (2011). BIM in different methods of project delivery. Proceedings of the CIB W78-W102: International Conference. Sophia Antipolis, France.
Sydney Opera House. (2013, June 14). BIM 4 FM. Retrieved from Sydney Opera House: http://www.sydneyoperahouse.com/the_building_BIM4FM.aspx
Taylor, J., & Levitt, E. L. (2009). Understanding and managing Systemic Innovation in Project-based industries. In D. P. Slevin, D. I. Cleland, & J. K. Pinto (Eds.), Innovations: Project management research 2004 (pp. 83-99). Project Management Institute.
US AIA. (2007). Integrated Project Delivery: A Guide Version 1. American Institute of Architects National and American Institute of Architects California Council. Retrieved from www.aia.org/groups/aia/documents/pdf/aiab083423.pdf
US AIA. (2008). Document E202 – 2008 Building Information Modeling Protocol Exhibit . American Institute of Architects.
US AIA. (2013, June). TAP BIM 2008 Award Winners for Design/Delivery Process Innovation using BIM. Retrieved from American Institute of Architects:
US AIA. (n.d.). Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) Family. Retrieved from American Institute of Architects, Contract Documents: http://www.aia.org/contractdocs/AIAS076706
US GSA. (2011, December). GSA BIM Guide Series 08 - GSA BIM Guide for Facility Management, Version 1. General Services Administration, Public Building Services. Washington: Office of Design and Construction. Retrieved August 2012, from http://www.gsa.gov/portal/content/103735
US GSA. (2012). GSA BIM Guide Series 05 - GSA BIM Guide for Energy Performance, Version 2. Public Building Services, General Services Administration. Washington: Office of Design and Construction. Retrieved May 2013, from http://www.gsa.gov/portal/content/102283
ACA. (1999). Relationship Contracting Optimising Project Outcomes. Australian Contractors Association. Retrieved 2012, from http://www.constructors.com.au/publications/rc_general/Relationship%20Contracting%20Optimising%20Project%20Outcomes.pdf
AIA/CA BIM/IPD Working Group. (2012). BIM, Legal and Procurement. Australian Institute of Architects; Consult Australia. Retrieved 2012, from http://www.bim.architecture.com.au/groups/ (for download access)
Allen Consulting Group. (2010). Productivity in the buildings network: assessing the impacts of Building Information Models. Built Environment Innovation and Industry Council, Sydney. Retrieved September 2013, from http://www.innovation.gov.au/industry/buildingandconstruction/BEIIC/Documents/BIMProductivity_FinalReport.pdf
Attorney-General's Department. (2012). Improving Australia's law and justice framework: Discussion paper exploring the scope for reforming Australian contract law. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved October 2013, from http://www.ag.gov.au/consultations/pages/ReviewofAustraliancontractlaw.aspx
Azhar, S., Khalfan, M., & Maqsood, T. (2012). Building Information Modeling (BIM): Now and Beyond. Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building, 12(4), 15.
Bailey, I., & Bell, M. (2011). Construction Law in Australia (3rd ed.). Thomson Reuters.
BIM Industry Working Group. (2011). A Report for the Government Construction Client Group Building Information Modelling (BIM) Working Party Strategy Paper. Cabinet Office. Retrieved from http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BIS-BIM-strategy-Report.pdf
British Standards Institution. (2013). Specification for information management for the capital/delivery phase of construction projects using building information modelling. PAS 1192-2:2013. BSI Standards Limited.
buildingSMART Australasia. (2012). National Building Information Modelling Initiative. Strategy: A strategy for the focussed adoption of building information modelling and related digital technologies and processes for the Australian built environment sector, Department of Industry, Innovation, Science, Research and Tertiary Education, Sydney. Retrieved August 2012, from http://buildingsmart.org.au/nbi-folder/NationalBIMIniativeReport_6June2012.pdf
Cabinet Office. (2011). Government Construction Strategy. Retrieved from http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Government-Construction-Strategy.pdf
Chartered Institute of Building. (2013). CIOB Contract for use with complex projects. Berkshire, England: The Chartered Institute of Building.
Cleves, J. A., & DalGallo, L. (2012, April 26-28). Integrated Project Delivery: The Game Changer. Presented at the 2012 Annual Meeting, American Bar Association Forum on the Construction Industry. Las Vegas.
COBIM. (2012, March 27). Common BIM Requirements 2012 Series 1 General part (Version 1). Parties to the COBIM project. Retrieved from http://www.en.buildingsmart.kotisivukone.com/files/en.buildingsmart.kotisivukone.com/COBIM2012/cobim_1_general_requirements_v1.pdf
Computer Integrated Construction Research Program. (2011). BIM Project Execution Planning Guide - Version 2.1. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University.
ConsensusDOCS. (2008a). ConsensusDOCS 300: Tri-Party Agreement for Integrated Project Delivery.
ConsensusDOCS. (2008b). ConsensusDOCS 301: Building Information Modeling (BIM) Addendum.
Construction Industry Council/BIM Pro. (2013, February). Building Information Modelling (BIM) Protocol. London: Construction Industry Council. Retrieved October 2013, from http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/The-BIM-Protocol.pdf
CRC for Construction Innovation. (2007). Business Drivers for BIM. Brisbane: CRC for Construction Innovation. Retrieved September 2013, from eprints.qut.edu.au/26834/1/2634.pdf
Dave, B., Koskela, L., Kiviniemi, A., Tzortzopoulos, P., & Owen, R. (2013). Implementing lean in construction: lean construction and BIM. London: CIRIA.
Davis Langdon; AECOM. (2009). The Blue Book. Davis Langdon Australia Pty Ltd.
Defence Support and Reform Group. (2011, May). Volume 1: Introduction to MCC-1 2003. Managing Contractor Contract (MCC-1 2003) Manual. Australian Department of Defence. Retrieved October 2013, from http://www.defence.gov.au/im/support/suite_contracts/mcc/manual/mcc_manual_volume1_may11.doc
Department of Infrastructure and Transport. (2012). Traditional Contracting Reform Developing a National Approach: Traditional contracting of infrastructure projects. Canberra: Australian Government. Retrieved 2012, from http://www.infrastructure.gov.au/infrastructure/public_consultations/files/objective.pdf
Engineers Australia (WA Division). (2012). Recommended Practices for the Application of LEAN Construction Methods to Building New Australian LNG Capacity. Engineers Australia. Retrieved September 2013, from http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/sites/default/files/shado/Divisions/Western%20Australia%20Division/Technical%20Presentations/lean_construction_august_2012.pdf
Engineers Australia. (2005). Getting it Right the First Time: A Plan to Reverse Declining Standards in Project Design Documentation within the Building and Construction Industry.
European Parliament. (2013). Draft European Parliament Legislative Resolution Report on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on public procurement. Den Hague: European Parliament.
Evans & Peck; Melbourne University. (2009). The Pursuit of Additional Value: A Benchmarking Study into Alliancing in the Australian Public Sector. Melbourne: Department of Treasury and Finance, Victoria. Retrieved from http://www.dtf.vic.gov.au/files/edbf69e2-75fa-4281-b724-a1cf00dd793d/In-Pursuit-Additional-Value.pdf
Gallaher, M. P., O'Connor, A. C., Dettbarn, J. L., & Gilday, L. T. (2004). Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in the US Capital Facilities Industry. Gaithersburg: National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved July 2013, from http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build04/art022.html
GBCA. (2012). Building Information Modelling (BIM) Industry Research. Green Building Council of Australia.
Hinchey, J. W. (1999). Visions for the Next Millennium. In R. F. Cushman, & J. J. Myers (Eds.), Construction Law Handbook (Vol. 1). Aspen Law & Business.
Hinchey, J. W. (2012). Rethinking Conflict in construction Project Delivery and Dispute Resolution. The International Construction Law Review, 29-50.
Holzer, D. (2011). BIM's Seven Deadly Sins. International Journal of Architectural Computing, 9(4), 463.
Holzer, D. (2013, February). Impact of BIM on the Effort Level in Architecture and Engineering Practice. Retrieved from AEC Connect : https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B8iT3_UsbrTFVWZJUzNvWFM3QjQ/edit?usp=sharing
Hurtado, K. A., & O'Connor, P. J. (2008). Contract Issues in the Use of Construction Building Information Modelling. The International Construction Law Review, 28(5), 262-272.
IFMA; IFMA Foundation. (2013). BIM for Facility Managers. (P. Teicholz, Ed.) Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Infrastructure Australia. (2012). Efficiencies in Major Project Procurement Volume 1. Canberra: Infrastructure Australia. Retrieved from http://www.infrastructureaustralia.gov.au/publications/files/Procurement_Benchmarking_Volume_1_final.pdf
International Organization for Standardization. (2013). Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) for data sharing in the construction and facility management industries. ISO 16739:2013. International Organization for Standardization.
Joint Contracts Tribunal. (2011). Public Sector Supplement: Fair Payment, Transparency and Building Information Modelling. London: Sweet & Maxwell.
Jordani, D. A. (2010). BIM and FM: The Portal to Lifecycle Facility Management. Journal of Building Information Modeling, 13-16.
Larson, D. A., & Golden, K. A. (2008). Entering the Brave New World: An Introduction to Contracting for BIM. William Mitchell Law Review, 34.
MacDonald, C., Walker, D., & Moussa, N. (2013). Towards a project alliance value for money framework. Facilities, 31(5/6), 279-309.
Manyika, J., Chui, M., Bughin, J., Dobbs, R., Bisson, P., & Marrs, A. (2013). Disruptive technologies: Advances that will transform life, business, and the global economy.
McKinsey Global Institute. Retrieved 2013, from http://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/dotcom/Insights%20and%20pubs/MGI/Research/Technology%20and%20Innovation/Disruptive%20technologies/MGI_Disruptive_technologies_Full_report_May2013.ashx
McBrodie, A. (2010). Building information modelling: the UK legal context. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 2(3), 246-259.
McGraw Hill Construction. (2012). Smart Market Report The Business Value of BIM for Infrastructure.
NATSPEC. (2011). NATSPEC National BIM Guide. Construction Information Systems Limited. Retrieved September 2013, from http://bim.natspec.org/index.php/natspec-bim-documents/national-bim-guide
NIBS buildingSMART alliance. (2012). National BIM Standard-US V2.
O’Connor, P. J., & Bomba, M. B. (2009). Integrated Project Delivery Part I: Collaboration Through New Contract Forms. The American College of Construction Lawyers Journal, 3(2), 69-128.
Ploennigs, J., Dibowski, H., Röder, A., Kabitzsch, K., & Hensel, B. (2011). Ontology specification for model-based ICT system integration. Brussels: ICT Platform for Holistic Energy Simulation and Lifecycle Management of Public Use Facilities (HESMOS): Deliverable D4.1. Retrieved June 2013, from http://hesmos.eu/downloads/20111202-hesmos_wp04_deliverable_41_final.pdf
Rahman, M., & Kumaraswamy, M. (2004). Contracting Relationship Trends and Transitions. Journal of Management in Engineering, 20(4), 147-161.
Raisbeck, P., Millie, R., & Maher, A. (2010). Assessing integrated project delivery: a comparative analysis of IPD with alliancing. Proceedings 26th Annual ARCOM Conference (pp. 1019-1028). Leeds: Association of Researchers in Construction Management.
Regner, J. A. (2008). Constructing in the fifth dimension. Construction Law International, 3(4), 5-6.
RIBA. (2012). BIM Overlay to the RIBA Outline Plan of Work. London: RIBA Publishing. Retrieved September 2012
RIBA. (2013). RIBA Plan of Work Overview. London. Retrieved August 2013, from http://www.ribaplanofwork.com/Download.aspx
Rich, S., & Davis, K. H. (2010). Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for Facility Management. Houston: IFMA Foundation.
Saxon, R. G. (2013). Growth Through BIM. London: Construction Industry Council. Retrieved June 2013, from http://www.cic.org.uk/publications/
Sebastian, R. (2011). BIM in different methods of project delivery. Proceedings of the CIB W78-W102: International Conference. Sophia Antipolis, France.
Sydney Opera House. (2013, June 14). BIM 4 FM. Retrieved from Sydney Opera House: http://www.sydneyoperahouse.com/the_building_BIM4FM.aspx
Taylor, J., & Levitt, E. L. (2009). Understanding and managing Systemic Innovation in Project-based industries. In D. P. Slevin, D. I. Cleland, & J. K. Pinto (Eds.), Innovations: Project management research 2004 (pp. 83-99). Project Management Institute.
US AIA. (2007). Integrated Project Delivery: A Guide Version 1. American Institute of Architects National and American Institute of Architects California Council. Retrieved from www.aia.org/groups/aia/documents/pdf/aiab083423.pdf
US AIA. (2008). Document E202 – 2008 Building Information Modeling Protocol Exhibit . American Institute of Architects.
US AIA. (2013, June). TAP BIM 2008 Award Winners for Design/Delivery Process Innovation using BIM. Retrieved from American Institute of Architects:
US AIA. (n.d.). Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) Family. Retrieved from American Institute of Architects, Contract Documents: http://www.aia.org/contractdocs/AIAS076706
US GSA. (2011, December). GSA BIM Guide Series 08 - GSA BIM Guide for Facility Management, Version 1. General Services Administration, Public Building Services. Washington: Office of Design and Construction. Retrieved August 2012, from http://www.gsa.gov/portal/content/103735
US GSA. (2012). GSA BIM Guide Series 05 - GSA BIM Guide for Energy Performance, Version 2. Public Building Services, General Services Administration. Washington: Office of Design and Construction. Retrieved May 2013, from http://www.gsa.gov/portal/content/102283